String Formating(fprintf) http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/cstdio/fprintf/

TYPEDEF

As a follow to our discussion this week, typedef is a naming convention used in C/C+, its primary use case is to declare various data-types. Defining data types in C can be a tedious task, some data types and variables names only can up to 1/2 of an 80-85char line of code, which ultimately will result in either unreadability, or some very extensive lines. Here is a brief example of how typedef could come in handy.

unsigned long long int a_very_long_variable_name = some+expressions+here;

an optimization for this line would be the following:

typedef unsigned long long int ulli_t; 
ulli_t a_very_long_variable_name = some+expressions+here; 

//much cleaner than the above version(could be better)

Although typedef appears to be defining only types, it removes some overheads down the road as a developer,it provides consistency, and clarity when used effectively.