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~Animation~

Animation is the rapid display of a sequence of images of 2-D or 3-D artwork or model positions in order to create an illusion of movement. Animation is used to tell a story. Music, sound effects, and voice acting can be added to aid the story along.

There are different types of animation: 2-D animation (Traditional animation), 3-D animation (computer generated animation also called CGI animation which stands for computer generated imagery), claymation, and stop motion. While these may all be different, all of them will need some type of storyboard. A storyboard is a series of illustrations or images displayed in sequence to tell a direction of the story. These images include sketches, notes on the story/actions of characters, and possible placement of music.   

-2-D animation is the oldest and historically the most popular form of animation. This traditional or classical animation is the hand drawn animation that most cartoonists use. Each frame is drawn by hand, the characters and the background. A frame, you can say, is like a piece of paper where you draw on. When doing an animation you would first need to create a storyboard. After that its time to start drawing the actual characters and background. Traditionally you would draw the characters on cells and place them on top of each other but now most animation is done on computers. After everything has been drawn, the next thing to do is music, sound effects, and voice acting. There are many animation programs out there and anybody can make their own cartoons. The combination of Microsoft Paint and Microsoft Windows Movie Maker can make a simple effective animation, and they are both free programs.

-3-D animation (3D CGI or computer generated imagery) is the art of creating moving images with the use of computers. CGI is the digital successor to stop motion animation of 3D models and 2D's frame by frame animation. A big difference between 2D and 3D is that 3D objects/models are built using a virtual skeleton while 2D figures are separate illustrations put together without a virtual skeleton. CGI is mostly used to make something look real. Motion capture is the process of recording movement and translating that movement into a digital model. A person puts on the motion capture suit and is recorded doing a motion. This is then imported into a 3D animation program and a model is put over it. The model imitates the motion and starts moving. This is mostly used for "human" types of models to really get fluid motions and emotions to make it seem like the model is real. There are many great 3D animation programs out there and anybody can make their own models and animate them. A great free program you can use is called Blender, and with this program, you are only limited to your own creativity.

-Stop Motion is an animation technique used to make a physically manipulated object appear to move on its own. To do this you would have to have a camera and a video software program, like windows movie maker. To have something move you would have to move it a little, take a picture, then move it again, take a picture, and so on until you have your animation done. You then take the pictures into a video software program and put them in order.
   -Claymation

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~Fixing the grub menu after installing or reinstalling Windows~

Okay, so you want to dual boot or you are already dual booting Ubuntu/Linux and Windows and already have Ubuntu installed and you want to install or reinstall Windows and when you do, the grub menu no longer pops up and Windows is the only thing that can boot. There is a easy way to fix this.

1. First, you will need your Ubuntu live cd. Place the live cd into your computer's CD/DVD-ROM drive and restart the computer. When the computer boots back up it will say "press any key to boot from cd." Press any key and it will boot from the cd. Then click try Ubuntu now, and wait till it loads.

2. When everything is loaded, find the terminal. This is what you are going to use to fix the grub menu. Go to Applications, Accessories, Terminal from the menu bar.

3. Next, determine the partition with the Ubuntu installation. Go to the terminal and type "sudo fdisk -l" (without the quotations).
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