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notes:sysnet:spring2011 [2011/05/20 13:10] – [Orca] sweller5notes:sysnet:spring2011 [2011/05/20 18:04] (current) – [In Progress] mtaft4
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 +====== Orca ======
  
 +Orca is a project, that was started to make a program that would allow for a person to be a composer to a room full of computers 
 +(ie. a orchestra of computers).
 +
 +Instead of people playing instruments the computers will be playing them in a set up like a orchestra. 
 +What we set out to do, is to have a composer station where the user can tell the computers what to play and then have the computers play there instruments. For this there are several thing that need to have happen. We would need all the computers to talk to the composer computer, this will requirer the use of networking (ie. Server/Client). Then we want the computers to play music in a formate that will let us play different instruments from the music on different stations. Midi was picked for it ability to do just that. Then we picked a language that would let use drop the program on all most any computer (ie. Java C++ Python). Java was picked for its ablates to network and use midi and have a user interface all in one. So after all that the program will play like you have your own privet orchestra.     
 +
 +ORCA is a telecommunication of intstruments that require input and output networking between servers and clients.
 +
 +This is a diagram of Orca. 
 +<file text diagram.txt>
 +
 +                                              Orca
 +                                               |
 +                                               |
 +                                               V
 +Client<--------------------Networking<--------Java---------------------->Midi
 +(Connect-Input Stream)         |               |                          |
 +Socket Ports                   |               |                          |
 +                               V               |                          V
 +                            Server             |                       File Format
 +                   (Listen-Output Stream)      |                      (Structure of midi)
 +                       Working Example         |
 +                                               |
 +                                               V
 +                                           Programming JDK
 +                                               |
 +                                               |
 +                                               |
 +                                               V
 +                                             Sources
 +                                          (Documentation)
 +
 +</file>
 +
 +
 +Networking
 +
 +*Server
 + -socket 
 +input stream
 +  -listen for connection
 +
 +*Client
 + -socket 
 +output stream 
 +  -use port to connect to server
 +
 +
 +Midi
 +-fileformat
 +A 4-byte chunk type (ascii) 
 +A 4-byte 
 +length (32 bits, msb first) 
 +length bytes of data 
 +
 + 
 +-psudocode
 +
 +MidiSynth
 +
 +MidiSynth()
 +
 +open()
 +
 +close()
 +
 +createShortEvent()
 +
 +
 +Key - extends Rectangle
 +
 +Key()
 +
 +isNoteOn()
 +
 +on()
 +
 +off()
 +
 +setNoteState()
 +
 +
 +Piano - extends JPanel - implements MouseListener
 +
 +Piano()
 +
 +mousePressed()
 +
 +mouseReleased()
 +
 +mouseExited()
 +
 +mouseClicked()
 +
 +mouseEntered()
 +
 +getKey()
 +
 +paint()
 +
 +ChannelData
 +
 +ChannelData()
 +
 +setComponentStates()
 +
 +
 +InstrumentsTable - extends JPanel
 +
 +InstrumentsTable()
 +
 +getColumnName()
 +
 +getColumnClass()
 +
 +isCellEditable()
 +
 +setValueAt()
 +
 +valueChanged()
 +
 +getPreferredSize()
 +
 +getMaximumSize()
 +
 +programChange()
 +
 +
 +Controls - extends JPanel - implements ActionListener, ChangeListener, ItemListener
 +
 +Controls()
 +
 +createButton()
 +
 +createCheckBox()
 +
 +createSlider()
 +
 +create14BitSlider()
 +
 +stateChanged()
 +
 +itemStateChanged()
 +
 +actionPerformed()
 +
 +
 +RecordFrame - extends JFrame - implements Actionlistner, MetaEventListener
 +
 +RecordFrame()
 +
 +getColumnCount()
 +
 +getRowCount()
 +
 +getValueAt()
 +
 +getColumnName()
 +
 +getColumnClass()
 +
 +isCellEditable()
 +
 +setValueAt()
 +
 +createButton()
 +
 +actionPerformed()
 +
 +acceptFile()
 +
 +getDescription()
 +
 +meta()
 +
 +saveMidiFile()
 +
 +
 +TrackData
 +TrackData()
 +
 +
 +
 +end
 +  
 +-octave notes
 +   
 +-working examples
 +
 +variable length conversion
 +
 +81 00 (hex). <- example
 +
 +10000001 00000000 <- in binary
 +
 +1  0000001 0  0000000 <- septerate flag value
 +
 +0000001  0000000 <- count 7 bits for both varaibles
 +
 +00000010000000 <- merge so 14 bits
 +
 +0000 0000 1000 0000 <- add two zero to make group of four values
 +
 +80hex = 8 * 16 + 0 * 0 = 8 * 16 + 0 = 128 decimal
 +
 +0x00000080 0x81 0x00 <- acual value
 +
 +
 +Java
 +-programming
 +
 +-doumentation
 +
 +-tutorials
 +  
 +-sources
 +  
 +-examples
 + 
 +
 +-----------------------
 +=====Server/Client=====
 +   * socket programming
 +      * IP/DNS, listen(), accept(), bind(), connect()
 +   * relationship, roles, connection
 +   * conductor/instruments 
 +
 +----------------------
 +=====Java=====
 +   * other languages 
 +   * JDK
 +
 +-----------------------
 +=====Midi=====
 +   * standards 
 +   * file structure 
 +
 +------------------------
 +=====Pseudo Code=====
 +
 +  START
 +    string head = read(4)
 +    if head == MThd; then
 +      len = read(4)
 +      byte headData[] = read(len)
 +      if len == 6; then
 +        int format = headData[0-1]
 +        int ntrks = headData[2-3]
 +        int division = headData[4-5]
 +      else
 +        print "Error"
 +      endif
 +    else
 +      print "Error"
 +    endif
 +    if format == 0; then
 +      if ntrks == 1; then
 +        string chunkType = read(4)
 +        if chunkType == MTrk; then
 +          len = read(4)
 +          byte mTrackEvents[] = read(len)
 +        else
 +          print "File is Corrupted."
 +        endif
 +        int i = 0
 +        byte byte[i] = read(1)
 +        while (byte && 0x80) == 0x80; do
 +          i++
 +          byte[i] = read(1)
 +        done
 +        for j = 0 to 3; do
 +          int[j] = byte[j]
 +          int[j] = shiftleft(int[j], jx7)
 +        done
 +        int dec = int[0] || int[1] || int[2] || int[3]
 +      else
 +        print "Too many tracks for type 0 file"
 +      endif
 +    else
 +      if format == 1; then
 +      else 
 +        if format == 2; then
 +        else
 +          print "File is Corrupted."
 +        endif
 +      endif
 +    endif
 +  END
 +
 +{{:notes:sysnet:midiflowchart.jpg|}}
 +-----------------------------
 +
 +
 +=====Working Examples=====
 +===client/server===
 +**Python Client/Server**\\
 +\\
 +by John Rine\\
 +\\
 +Early in the semester, the class was challanged to find some example code to perform socket communications. I volunteered to find Python examples. The client/server code listed below is from a tutorial. The tutorial is located at: http://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/nmahoff/python/pynet.pdf .\\
 +Example Python TCP client code.\\
 +
 +<file python client.py>
 +# simple illustration client/server pair; client program sends a string
 +# to server, which echoes it back to the client (in multiple copies),
 +# and the latter prints to the screen
 +
 +# this is the client
 +
 +import socket
 +import sys
 +
 +# create a socket
 +s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
 +
 +# connect to server
 +host = sys.argv[1] # server address
 +port = int(sys.argv[2]) # server port
 +s.connect((host, port))
 +
 +s.send(sys.argv[3]) # send test string
 +
 +# read echo
 +i = 0
 +while(1):
 +    data = s.recv(1000000) # read up to 1000000 bytes
 +    i += 1
 +    if (i < 5): # look only at the first part of the message
 +        print data
 +    if not data: # if end of data, leave loop
 +        break
 +    print 'received', len(data), 'bytes'
 +
 +# close the connection
 +s.close()
 +</file>
 +\\
 +Example Python TCP client code.
 +<file python server.py>
 +# simple illustration client/server pair; client program sends a string
 +# to server, which echoes it back to the client (in multiple copies),
 +# and the latter prints to the screen
 +# this is the server
 +import socket
 +import sys
 +# create a socket
 +s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
 +# associate the socket with a port
 +host = '' # can leave this blank on the server side
 +port = int(sys.argv[1])
 +s.bind((host, port))
 +# accept "call" from client
 +s.listen(1)
 +conn, addr = s.accept()
 +print 'client is at', addr
 +# read string from client (assumed here to be so short that one call to
 +# recv() is enough), and make multiple copies (to show the need for the
 +# "while" loop on the client side)
 +data = conn.recv(1000000)
 +data = 10000 * data # concatenate data with itself 999 times
 +# wait for the go-ahead signal from the keyboard (to demonstrate that
 +# recv() at the client will block until server sends)
 +z = raw_input()
 +# now send
 +conn.send(data)
 +# close the connection
 +conn.close()
 +</file>
 +\\
 +Server execution\\
 +<cli>
 +C:\Python27>python tms.py 2000
 +client is at ('127.0.0.1', 52539)
 +</cli>
 +Client execution\\
 +<cli>
 +C:\Python27>python tmc.py localhost 2000 abc
 +</cli>
 +\\
 +**Java Client/Server Plays Notes Across a Network**\\
 +\\
 +Java TCP Client\\
 +<file java TCPClient.java>
 +//Author John T. Rine
 +
 +import java.io.*;
 +import java.net.*;
 +class TCPClient
 +{
 + public static void main(String argv[]) throws Exception
 + {
 + String sentence;
 + String modifiedSentence;
 + while(true)
 + {
 + BufferedReader inFromUser = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(System.in));
 + Socket clientSocket = new Socket("localhost", 4000); //new Socket("localhost", 4000);
 + DataOutputStream outToServer = new DataOutputStream(clientSocket.getOutputStream());
 + BufferedReader inFromServer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(clientSocket.getInputStream()));
 + sentence = inFromUser.readLine();
 + outToServer.writeBytes(sentence + '\n');
 + modifiedSentence = inFromServer.readLine();
 + System.out.println("FROM SERVER: " + modifiedSentence);
 + }
 +  //clientSocket.close();
 + }
 +} 
 +</file>
 +\\
 +Java server code\\
 +<file java TCPServerTwo.java>
 +//Author John Rine
 +import java.io.*;
 +import java.net.*;
 +import javax.sound.midi.*;
 +
 +class TCPServerTwo
 +{
 + public static void main(String argv[]) throws Exception
 +  {
 + String clientSentence = "go";
 + String capitalizedSentence;
 + ServerSocket welcomeSocket = new ServerSocket(4000); //new ServerSocket(6789);
 +
 + while(!clientSentence.equals("stop"))
 + {
 + Socket connectionSocket = welcomeSocket.accept();
 + BufferedReader inFromClient =
 + new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connectionSocket.getInputStream()));
 + DataOutputStream outToClient = new DataOutputStream(connectionSocket.getOutputStream());
 + clientSentence = inFromClient.readLine();
 + System.out.println("Received: " + clientSentence);
 + capitalizedSentence = clientSentence.toUpperCase() + '\n';
 + outToClient.writeBytes(capitalizedSentence);
 + if (clientSentence.equals("play"))
 + {
 + try
 + {
 + Receiver rec = MidiSystem.getReceiver();
 + ShortMessage mmess = new ShortMessage();
 + mmess.setMessage(144, 0, 60, 93);
 + rec.send(mmess, -1);
 + Thread.sleep(1000);
 + }
 + catch(Exception e)
 + {
 + e.printStackTrace();
 + }
 + 
 + }
 +        }
 +// synth.close();
 + welcomeSocket.close();
 +  }
 +} 
 +</file>
 +\\
 +Java client execution.\\
 +<cli>
 +C:\Users\John\Desktop\Spring 2011 School\CSIT 2320\Play a note across the networ
 +k>REM java MyFirstApp
 +
 +C:\Users\John\Desktop\Spring 2011 School\CSIT 2320\Play a note across the networ
 +k>SET /P M=What program to run?
 +What program to run?TCPClient
 +
 +C:\Users\John\Desktop\Spring 2011 School\CSIT 2320\Play a note across the networ
 +k>java TCPClient
 +play
 +FROM SERVER: PLAY
 +play
 +FROM SERVER: PLAY
 +</cli>
 +\\
 +   * midi messages (notes)
 +   * sound, playing notes\\
 +This is an example of playing a single note by sending a MIDI message to a MIDI receiver.\\
 +<file java simpleMidiNote.java>
 +//Author: John T. Rine
 +//04-10-2011
 +
 +import javax.sound.midi.*;
 +public class simpleMidiNote
 +{
 +
 + public static void main (String args[]) throws Exception
 + {
 + //http://download.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/sound/MIDI-messages.html
 + ShortMessage myMsg = new ShortMessage();
 +  // Start playing the note Middle C (60), 
 +  // moderately loud (velocity = 93).
 +  myMsg.setMessage(ShortMessage.NOTE_ON, 0, 60, 93);
 + long timeStamp = -1;
 + Receiver rcvr = MidiSystem.getReceiver();
 +  rcvr.send(myMsg, timeStamp);
 +
 + //http://download.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/essential/concurrency/sleep.html
 + //Pause for 4 seconds
 +            Thread.sleep(4000);
 +
 + }
 +}
 +</file>
 +
 +==File Parsing==
 +\\
 +Reading the MIDI file header\\
 +\\
 +by John Rine\\
 +\\
 +Listed below is the code to read and display the header of a midi format file. The code is written in "long hand" (no methods) as it is in development. The data conversion sections could be placed into methods to make tthe code more compact. Remember, it is still under development, but it works.
 +<file java orca_Protocol.java>
 +//Author: John T. Rine
 +//05-02-2011
 +import java.io.*;
 +
 +public class orca_Protocol
 +{
 + public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException
 + {
 + FileInputStream in = null;
 + try
 + {
 + System.out.print("Enter filename: ");
 + BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
 + String fileName = null;
 + fileName = br.readLine();
 + in = new FileInputStream(fileName);
 + int c;
 + StringBuffer strContent = new StringBuffer();
 + int count = 0;
 + while (count != 4)
 + {
 + c = in.read();
 + strContent.append((char)c);
 + count++;
 + }
 + System.out.println(strContent);
 + String temp = strContent.toString();
 + if(temp.equals("MThd")) System.out.println("Midi Header");
 + long dummy = 0;
 + c = 0;
 + int shift = 0;
 + long result = 0;
 + for (int i = 0; i != 4; i++)
 + {
 + c = in.read();
 + dummy = 0;
 + dummy = (long) c;
 + switch(i)
 + {
 + case 0:
 + shift = 24;
 + break;
 + case 1:
 + shift = 16;
 + break;
 + case 2:
 + shift = 8;
 + break;
 + case 3:
 + shift = 0;
 + break;
 + }
 + dummy = dummy << shift;
 + result = result | dummy;
 + }
 + System.out.println("Header Length = " + result);
 + c = 0;
 + shift = 0;
 + int resultt = 0;
 + for (int i = 0; i != 2; i++)
 + {
 + c = in.read();
 + switch(i)
 + {
 + case 0:
 + shift = 8;
 + break;
 + case 1:
 + shift = 0;
 + break;
 + }
 + c = c << shift;
 + resultt = resultt | c;
 + }
 + String fileType;
 + switch(c)
 + {
 + case 0:
 + fileType = "single track file format";
 + break;
 + case 1:
 + fileType = "multiple track file format";
 + break;
 + case 2:
 + fileType = "multiple song file format (i.e., a series of type 0 files)"; 
 + break;
 + default:
 + fileType = "Error";
 +
 + }
 + System.out.println("Midi File Type = " + c + " " + "File Type: " + fileType);
 + c = 0;
 + shift = 0;
 + resultt = 0;
 + for (int i = 0; i != 2; i++)
 + {
 + c = in.read();
 + switch(i)
 + {
 + case 0:
 + shift = 8;
 + break;
 + case 1:
 + shift = 0;
 + break;
 + }
 + c = c << shift;
 + resultt = resultt | c;
 + }
 + System.out.println("Number of track chunks that follow the header chunk  = " + c);
 + c = 0;
 + shift = 0;
 + resultt = 0;
 + for (int i = 0; i != 2; i++)
 + {
 + c = in.read();
 + switch(i)
 + {
 + case 0:
 + shift = 8;
 + break;
 + case 1:
 + shift = 0;
 + break;
 + }
 + c = c << shift;
 + resultt = resultt | c;
 + }
 + System.out.println("Division  = " + c);
 + System.out.println("Unit of time for delta timing.");
 + System.out.println("If the value is positive, then it represents the units per beat.");
 + System.out.println("For example, +96 would mean 96 ticks per beat.");
 + System.out.println("If the value is negative, delta times are in SMPTE compatible units."); 
 + }
 + finally
 + {
 + if (in != null)
 + {
 + in.close();
 + }
 + }
 + }
 +
 +}
 +</file>
 +\\
 +Execution of the MIDI file reading application. At present, it can only read and display MIDI header data.\\
 +<cli>
 +
 +C:\Users\John\Desktop\Spring 2011 School\CSIT 2320\Assignment_Due_05-02-2011>REM
 + java MyFirstApp
 +
 +C:\Users\John\Desktop\Spring 2011 School\CSIT 2320\Assignment_Due_05-02-2011>SET
 + /P M=What program to run?
 +What program to run?orca_Protocol
 +
 +C:\Users\John\Desktop\Spring 2011 School\CSIT 2320\Assignment_Due_05-02-2011>jav
 +a orca_Protocol
 +Enter filename: the_white_stripes-icky_thump.mid
 +MThd
 +Midi Header
 +Header Length = 6
 +Midi File Type = 1 File Type: multiple track file format
 +Number of track chunks that follow the header chunk  = 4
 +Division  = 224
 +Unit of time for delta timing.
 +If the value is positive, then it represents the units per beat.
 +For example, +96 would mean 96 ticks per beat.
 +If the value is negative, delta times are in SMPTE compatible units.
 +
 +C:\Users\John\Desktop\Spring 2011 School\CSIT 2320\Assignment_Due_05-02-2011>pau
 +se
 +Press any key to continue . . .
 +</cli>
 +=====User Interface=====
 +
 +---------------------------
 +=====Score=====
 +
 +---------------------------
 +=====Documentation=====
 +   * Java
 +      * java doc, API
 +      * tutorials
 +   * Midi
 +
 +[[http://lab46.corning-cc.edu/projects/music/SamWeller/Photo/ | Pitchers]]
 +
 +--------------------------
 +
 +======In Progress======
 +<code java Orca_Protocol.java>//Author: John T. Rine
 +//05-02-2011
 +//Edited by Matthew Taft
 +//05-20-2011
 +//Broke header and length reading routines into functions, added ability to read the first track into a byte array
 +//To Be Done: Create a class within Orca_Protocol to store tracks as arrays and make an array of them size of the number of tracks
 +//Ex:
 +//class trackArray {
 +//byte track[];
 +//}
 +//trackArray totTracks[len]
 +//for i=0;i<len;i++ {
 +//totTracks[i] = new trackArray();
 +
 +import java.io.*;
 +
 +public class Orca_Protocol {
 + FileInputStream in = null;
 + BufferedReader br;
 + String fileName;
 + StringBuffer strContent;
 + long dummy, result;
 + int c, count, shift;
 + int format, ntrks, division, len;
 + byte track[];
 +
 + public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
 + Orca_Protocol test = new Orca_Protocol();
 + try {
 + System.out.print("Enter filename: ");
 + BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
 + test.fileName = br.readLine();
 + test.in = new FileInputStream(test.fileName);
 + test.readHeader(test.in);
 + test.len = test.lenRead(test.in);
 + test.c = 0;
 + test.shift = 0;
 + int resultt = 0;
 + for (int i = 0; i != 2; i++)
 + {
 + test.c = test.in.read();
 + switch(i)
 + {
 + case 0:
 + test.shift = 8;
 + break;
 + case 1:
 + test.shift = 0;
 + break;
 + }
 + test.format = test.c << test.shift;
 + resultt = resultt | test.c;
 + }
 + String fileType;
 + switch(test.format)
 + {
 + case 0:
 + fileType = "single track file format";
 + break;
 + case 1:
 + fileType = "multiple track file format";
 + break;
 + case 2:
 + fileType = "multiple song file format (i.e., a series of type 0 files)"; 
 + break;
 + default:
 + fileType = "Error";
 +
 + }
 + System.out.println("Midi File Type = " + test.format + " " + "File Type: " + fileType);
 + test.c = 0;
 + test.shift = 0;
 + resultt = 0;
 + for (int i = 0; i != 2; i++)
 + {
 + test.c = test.in.read();
 + switch(i)
 + {
 + case 0:
 + test.shift = 8;
 + break;
 + case 1:
 + test.shift = 0;
 + break;
 + }
 + test.ntrks = test.c << test.shift;
 + resultt = resultt | test.c;
 + }
 + System.out.println("Number of track chunks that follow the header chunk  = " + test.ntrks);
 + test.c = 0;
 + test.shift = 0;
 + resultt = 0;
 + for (int i = 0; i != 2; i++)
 + {
 + test.c = test.in.read();
 + switch(i)
 + {
 + case 0:
 + test.shift = 8;
 + break;
 + case 1:
 + test.shift = 0;
 + break;
 + }
 + test.division = test.c << test.shift;
 + resultt = resultt | test.c;
 + }
 + test.readHeader(test.in);
 + test.len = test.lenRead(test.in);
 + test.track = new byte[test.len];
 + test.in.read(test.track, 0, test.len);
 + System.out.println("Track 1: " + test.track);
 + System.out.println("Division  = " + test.division);
 + System.out.println("Unit of time for delta timing.");
 + System.out.println("If the value is positive, then it represents the units per beat.");
 + System.out.println("For example, +96 would mean 96 ticks per beat.");
 + System.out.println("If the value is negative, delta times are in SMPTE compatible units."); 
 + }
 + finally
 + {
 + if (test.in != null)
 + {
 + test.in.close();
 + }
 + }
 + }
 +
 + void readHeader(FileInputStream in) throws IOException {
 +//readHeader() takes an argument of the score file opened and checks to see if the header portion read is a midi header
 +//or a midi track. This function could be changed to return a state on if the encountered string was MThd, MTrk or neither.
 +//It should be called immediately upon opening the file, and again after the chunk has been completely read in.
 + int c;
 + StringBuffer strContent = new StringBuffer();
 + int count = 0;
 + while (count != 4) {
 + c = in.read();
 + strContent.append((char)c);
 + count++;
 + }
 + System.out.println(strContent);
 + String temp = strContent.toString();
 + if(temp.equals("MThd")) 
 + System.out.println("Midi Header");
 + if(temp.equals("MTrk"))
 + System.out.println("Midi Track");
 + }
 +
 + int lenRead(FileInputStream in) throws IOException {
 +//This function takes an argument of the score file opened and returns the length of the 
 +//header. This function should be called immediately after reading the first 4 bytes of the file 
 +//or any bytes containing the chunk headers.
 + this.dummy = 0;
 + this.c = 0;
 + this.shift = 0;
 + this.result = 0;
 + for (int i = 0; i != 4; i++)
 + {
 + this.c = in.read();
 + this.dummy = 0;
 + this.dummy = (long) this.c;
 + switch(i)
 + {
 + case 0:
 + this.shift = 24;
 + break;
 + case 1:
 + this.shift = 16;
 + break;
 + case 2:
 + this.shift = 8;
 + break;
 + case 3:
 + this.shift = 0;
 + break;
 + }
 + this.dummy = this.dummy << this.shift;
 + this.result = this.result | this.dummy;
 + }
 + System.out.println("Header Length = " + this.result);
 + return((int)this.result);
 + }
 +}</code>

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