Lab46 Wiki

This page is read only. You can view the source, but not change it. Ask your administrator if you think this is wrong.
======UNIX/Linux Fundamentals Course Notes======

For help with wiki syntax:
  * [[http://lab46.corning-cc.edu/wiki/syntax|Wiki Syntax]]
  * [[https://www.dokuwiki.org/_media/plugin:wrap_plugin_example6.png|Wrap Plugin Syntax]]

**__Class Notes__**

**Important Idea**
There are two modes of operation that can be observed when using a text editor:\\
- Issuing a command\\
- Inserting text\\

__Insert Commands__\\
i: enter insert mode before cursor\\
a (append): enterinsert mode after cursor\\
I: enter insert mode at the beginning of the line that the cursor is currently on\\
A: enter insert mode at the end of the current line\\
o: append a new line below the current line\\
O: append a new line above the current line\\

__Navigation Commands__\\
//"Arrow Keys"// - Cursor Movement (navigation by character)\\
k: up, l: right, j: down, h: left\\

Note: Adding a number before any of the commands allows movement by that many characters:\\
Ex.) 8h\\

w: navigates forward by word\\
W: navigates forward by space\\
b: navigates backwards by word\\
B: navigates backwards by space\\
G, gg: go to line (with a number placed in front of the command)\\

__Manipulation Commands__\\
x: delete (cutting)\\
xxx: delete "3"\\
X: akin to a backspace\\
dw,dW: see above syntax for w,W (deletes by...)\\
db, dB: see above syntax for b,B (deletes by...)\\
dd: deletes the current line\\
d^: deletes backwards from cursor\\
d$: deletes forwards from cursor\\

.: repeats the last used manipulation command\\
{ , }: movement backwards/forwards by paragraph\\
(Shift)~: toggles case of letter that the cursor is on (if held then will proceed through rest of document)\\
/: Allows for the user to search the document\\
n, N (while in a search): Moves the cursor to the next and previous result respectively\\
r: redo\\
u: undo\\

p: paste below cursor\\
P: paste above cursor\\

cc: cut into insert mode\\
cw, cW: see above syntax for w,W (cuts by...)\\
cb, cB: see above syntax for b,B (cuts by...)\\

yy: paste into insert mode\\
yw, yW: see above syntax for w,W (paste by...)\\
yb, yB: see above syntax for b,B (paste by...)\\
y{, y}: see above syntax for {,} (paste by...)\\

__Extended VI Commands__\\
To enter press colon while in command mode(:)\\
:w :save\\
:w! :force save\\
:wq :save and exit\\
:q :quit\\
:q! :force quit\\
:co0 :copy to current line (line #, example 0)\\
:%s/(pattern 1)/(pattern 2)g :replaces any example of (pattern 1) with (pattern 2)\\

__Customization Commands__\\
All examples of the number sign represent any number to apply\\
:set tabstop= #\\
:set shiftwidth=#\\
:set number :toggles side numbering in VI\\
:syntax on\\
:set cursorline\\
:set cursorcolumn\\
:colorscheme (example) :Turns the default color scheme to another (press tab after command to see choices)\\

(Created 9/16/2017) - Robin Lash\\

**__Advanced Scripting__**\\
(Basic scripting can be found in the example scripts created for reference in class)\\

**Vertical Operators**\\

- Unary: if exists (performs one operation)\\
- Binary: if "name"/"number" is greater than ..... (two operations)\\

__Operators__\\
- eq: is equal to\\
- ne: is not equal to\\
- le: is less than or equal to\\
- lt: is less than\\
- gt: is greater than\\
- gr: is greater than or equal to\\
- !: invert logic\\

&&: and and\\
"||": or or\\

(Edited 9/23/17 Robin Lash)

__Example HTML__\\
(for wpa0)\\

<!DOCTYPE html> - Tells the type of document\\
<html>\\
<head> - Start of the page\\
<title>Title of the Webpage</title>\\
<style>\\
"Style of the header of the page"\\
</style>\\
</head>\\
<body> - Main content of the page\\
<h1>Main Header of the Document<h1>\\
<p style=style of the header/paragraph>\\
<b> - Bold the words\\
<font size="Example #" Text goes in after</font>\\
</b>u\\
<br> - Create a space in the document\\
</p>\\
<div - Create a new element>\\
Example:\\
<div style="test-align:center">\\
<a href (set a reference to another link)="adventure.html">Name of the Link</a>\\
</div>\\
<p></p> - Create a new paragraph\\
<ul> - Create a new list\\
<li> List item </li>\\
</ul>\\
</body>\\
</html>\\

**__Regular Expressions__**

Basic:\\
. : match to any single symbol\\
* : match 0 or more of the previous\\
[]: (character class) - match any of the enclosed\\
[^]: (inverted character class) - do not match any of the enclosed\\
“^” : match start of line\\
“$” : match end of line\\
\< : match start of word\\
\> : match end of word\\

Extended:\\
- Recommended to use egrep\\
+ : match 1 or more of the previous\\
() : perform grouping\\
“|” : or\\
? : match 0 or 1 of the previous\\

(Robin Lash - 10/21/2017)\\

Mouse Movement:\\
xte : xte 'option 'parameter''\\
xte 'mousemove x y' : Moves mouse to x,y. Positive values mean moving right, down. Negative values mean moving left, up.\\
xte 'mousermove x y': Moves the mouse x,y, relative to where it already was.\\
xwininfo: command that allows for a specific window to be selected for cursor movement, -root means the size of the desktop/window manger.\\

(James vanDright - 10/28/2017)\\

**__Useful tools for icp0__**\\

scp\\
Tool to transfer items between the pod and the lab46 account:\\

Syntax:\\

[command][filename][user]:[location] - (Use a colon for home directory)\\

scp icp0-0.sh pod57: src/unix/icp0\\
scp icp0-1.sh user@pod57:\\
scp 1cp0-2.sh user@lab46:\\

(Robin Lash - 10/28/2017)

**__Helpful Tools in lab46__**\\

**du -hs**\\

- Displays your disk usage\\
(h - “human readable”)\\
(s - summary)\\

**quota**\\

- Shows how much data we are using, and how much we have left to use.\\
Example of the output:\\

[blocks][quota][limit]\\
[blocks]: (how much data we are using)\\
[quota]: (how much we can use before we approach a soft wall)\\
[limit]: (the hard limit we cannot go past)\\

[files][quota][limit]\\
[files] : (how many unique files there are)\\
[quota] : (how much we can use before we approach a soft wall)\\
[limit]: (the hard limit we cannot go past)\\

(Robin Lash - 11/4/2017)\\

**__More useful items/good reminders__**

& : enables a program to work in the background, which is useful for mtPaint in icp\\
bc : Bench Calculator: a nice program that can do math in the terminal. Some useful things to note are: Echo works with bc, and if a file has say, "3+10+9+5" in it, Echo can actually do the math. Otherwise, bc can do the complicated stuff. the usual format I use is: var= $(bc <<< Mathstuff)\\

A general note: be careful of for loops: just one extra zero can cause a lot more processes than desired. Think about what the extra iterations will do ahead of time to save you the headache of what it will actually do.\\

(James vanDright - 11/4/2017)\\

** vim shortcut which comes in handy ** \\
For those interested in copying and pasting large chunks of text, use visual mode by pressing ESC, then press V, highlight all your text, press Y to yank (copy), and P to paste anywhere you want. \\ 
-Andrei \\

11/14/17 \\

Not much I can say here now that the eoce is coming up.  Good luck to all.  Helpful hints: don't forget to use the man pages and read all the way through the specification :D.

__**Refresher on File Permissions**__\\

r w x\\
_ _ _ (Addition of the places to get value (Octal))\\ 
4 2 1\\

- read bit\\
- write bit\\
- execute bit\\

Example:\\

r-x rwx rwx\\
5 7 7\\

Good information in case you accidentally let everyone else edit your file. Happy UNIXing!\\

(Robin Lash - 11/18/2017)\\
Lab46 Wiki

User Tools

Site Tools

Page Tools
