Changes in 1c33072: updating sysprog/README.md

				haas/spring2026/sysprog/README.md
			
          @@ -1,20 +1,22 @@

           # spring2026/sysprog

          +

           # CSCS2730 Systems Programming

          -## Syllabus / Course Homepage

          -* Instructor: Matthew Haas (haas@corning-cc.edu)

          -* Office: CHM123

          -* Office Hours: T 10:00a-10:50a, W 1:30p-2:20p, R 10:00a-12:50p

          -* In-person meeting details: CHM123 W 2:30p-3:20p

          -* Class DESIG: sysprog

          -* Class Chat: #sysprog on discord

          -* Public Directory: /var/public/fall2025/SYSPROG

          -* CRN: 30189

          -* 'W' Drop Date: April 6, 2026

          +## Syllabus / Course Homepage

          -=> https://discord.gg/8eu3nKjUXX Discord invite

          -=> projects.gmi sysprog projects page

          -=> https://docs.google.com/document/d/1JsIuYeV5c72l5qaQEFOoNhJDYeaCv60U-kCKMaKzhv4/ SUNY CCC Syllabus Statements

          +| Instructor:       | Matthew Haas (haas@corning-cc.edu)                             |

          +| Office:           | CHM123                                                         |

          +| Office Hours:     | T 10:00a-10:50a, W 1:30p-2:20p, R 10:00a-12:50p                |

          +| Class Meeting:    | Online/Async, CHM123 W 2:30p-3:20p                             |

          +| Class DESIG:      | `sysprog`                                                      |

          +| Class Chat:       | `#sysprog` on discord                                          |

          +| Public Directory: | `/var/public/fall2025/SYSPROG`                                 |

          +| CRN:              | `30189`                                                        |

          +| 'W' Drop Date:    | April 6, 2026                                                  |

          +| ----------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |

          +| DISCORD invite:   | [https://discord.gg/8eu3nKjUXX](https://discord.gg/8eu3nKjUXX) |

          +| Projects page:    | [https://lab46.g7n.org/haas/spring2026/sysprog/projects.md](https://lab46.g7n.org/haas/spring2026/sysprog/projects.md) |

          +| CCC Syllabus Statements: | [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1JsIuYeV5c72l5qaQEFOoNhJDYeaCv60U-kCKMaKzhv4/](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1JsIuYeV5c72l5qaQEFOoNhJDYeaCv60U-kCKMaKzhv4/) |

           ## Course Description

          @@ -30,14 +32,14 @@ consent.

           Upon completion of this course, students will be able to:

          -* better understand file I/O for efficient data processing

          -* utilize capabilities built into the operating system

          -* write programs that interact with and spawn processes

          -* use pipes and sockets to communicate and share data

          -* demonstrate knowledge of concurrency

          -* design programs that handle signals

          -* explore efficient solutions to data- and processing- intensive problems

          -* utilize collaboration of resources to solve problems

          +  * better understand file I/O for efficient data processing

          +  * utilize capabilities built into the operating system

          +  * write programs that interact with and spawn processes

          +  * use pipes and sockets to communicate and share data

          +  * demonstrate knowledge of concurrency

          +  * design programs that handle signals

          +  * explore efficient solutions to data- and processing- intensive problems

          +  * utilize collaboration of resources to solve problems

           ## Assumptions

          @@ -90,12 +92,12 @@ and knowledge, some derivation of society's and civilization's collective

           body of experience  and knowledge), and to be eligible  to take a college

           class, yes,  SOME prerequisite knowledge  is assumed, namely:

          -* you are functionally literate in English

          -* you know how to and can/will read (input/consume)

          -* you know how to and can/will write (output/create/produce)

          -* you know how to and can/will do math/computations

          -* you know how to and can/will think

          -* you know how to and can/will ask questions

          +  * you are functionally literate in English

          +  * you know how to and can/will read (input/consume)

          +  * you know how to and can/will write (output/create/produce)

          +  * you know how to and can/will do math/computations

          +  * you know how to and can/will think

          +  * you know how to and can/will ask questions

           A  student's  (or   learner's)  absolute  BEST  tool   is  the  question,

           specifically the  regular asking  of them. You  **NEED** to  be regularly

          @@ -144,31 +146,31 @@ Understanding Unix/Linux Programming: A Guide to Theory and Practice

           by Bruce Molay

           Publisher: Prentice Hall

           ISBN: 0-13-008396-8

          -=> http://www.pearsonhighered.com/academic/product/0,3110,0130083968,00.html URL to publisher page of book

          -=> https://www.pearson.com/us/higher-education/program/Molay-Understanding-UNIX-LINUX-Programming-A-Guide-to-Theory-and-Practice/PGM190781.html Book URL

          +[Public Book Page](http://www.pearsonhighered.com/academic/product/0,3110,0130083968,00.html)

          +[Book URL](https://www.pearson.com/us/higher-education/program/Molay-Understanding-UNIX-LINUX-Programming-A-Guide-to-Theory-and-Practice/PGM190781.html)

           ## Technology Policy

           The baseline qualifications for taking this course include you having a proficiency:

          -* to type on a full-size computer keyboard (104-key or equivalent)

          -* with basic computing concepts (files, storage, units of information)

          -* to read instructions and available technical data in relevant theatres and domains

          +  * to type on a full-size computer keyboard (104-key or equivalent)

          +  * with basic computing concepts (files, storage, units of information)

          +  * to read instructions and available technical data in relevant theatres and domains

           ... and an ability:

          -* to readily ask questions

          -* to take notes and later retrieve useful information from them

          -* to recall important concepts and experiences

          -* to work on class-related content outside of class

          +  * to readily ask questions

          +  * to take notes and later retrieve useful information from them

          +  * to recall important concepts and experiences

          +  * to work on class-related content outside of class

           ... and a willingness:

          -* to attempt solving new and unfamiliar problems

          -* to encounter new and unfamiliar concepts

          -* to indulge in new and unfamiliar activities

          -* to learn in new and unfamiliar ways

          -* to work on class-related content outside of class

          +  * to attempt solving new and unfamiliar problems

          +  * to encounter new and unfamiliar concepts

          +  * to indulge in new and unfamiliar activities

          +  * to learn in new and unfamiliar ways

          +  * to work on class-related content outside of class

           ## AI use policy

          @@ -196,13 +198,13 @@ If  you   insist  on  using   AI,  you  hereby  acknowledge   you  assume

           responsibility for its  inherent perils and hazards it can  cause you and

           your progress/success in this class:

          -* accept that you are putting yourself at risk of deeply sabotaging your learning journey, subjecting yourself to stagnant thought and limited perspectives, as you insulate yourself from the rigors of doing the actual work

          +  * accept that you are putting yourself at risk of deeply sabotaging your learning journey, subjecting yourself to stagnant thought and limited perspectives, as you insulate yourself from the rigors of doing the actual work

          -* accept that you will have to live with the awareness that the instructor and other suitably aware individuals in the course may lose some faith in your humanity

          +  * accept that you will have to live with the awareness that the instructor and other suitably aware individuals in the course may lose some faith in your humanity

          -* accept that, if you pass off AI-generated work as your own, and your work is questioned, **if you are unable to competently demonstrate your understanding, you risk losing any and all credit for that deliverable**

          +*   accept that, if you pass off AI-generated work as your own, and your work is questioned, **if you are unable to competently demonstrate your understanding, you risk losing any and all credit for that deliverable**

          -* YOU are the student, YOU are the one here to do the work and learn.

          +  * YOU are the student, YOU are the one here to do the work and learn.

           AI prose  is increasingly  sophisticated and convincing.  Yet there  is a

           difference between  verbosity and  competence. Learning  to differentiate

          @@ -214,10 +216,10 @@ when dealing with AI output.

           The grading  policy is  broken down  into 4  areas, totalling  104 points

           (which will account for 100% of the grade):

          -* Notes/Journal/Writing (13pts)

          -* Projects (52pts)

          -* Participation (13pts)

          -* EoCE (26pts).

          +  * Notes/Journal/Writing (13pts)

          +  * Projects (52pts)

          +  * Participation (13pts)

          +  * EoCE (26pts).

           Each area, as well as the overall grade, will be evaluated based on a sum

           of accumulated points  on each projects out  of a sum of  total points on

          @@ -245,15 +247,15 @@ grading unit.

           Letter grades are pegged to the following numeric values:

          -* **A**  (99.00+)

          -* **A-** (93.00-98.99)

          -* **B+** (87.00-92.99)

          -* **B**  (81.00-86.99)

          -* **B-** (75.00-80.99)

          -* **C+** (69.00-74.99)

          -* **C**  (63.00-68.99)

          -* **D**  (57.00-62.99)

          -* **F**  ( 0.00-56.99)

          +  * **A**  (98.00+)

          +  * **A-** (92.00-97.99)

          +  * **B+** (86.00-91.99)

          +  * **B**  (80.00-85.99)

          +  * **B-** (74.00-79.99)

          +  * **C+** (68.00-73.99)

          +  * **C**  (62.00-67.99)

          +  * **D**  (56.00-61.99)

          +  * **F**  ( 0.00-55.99)

           Any calculated values in excess of two decimal places that may impact the

           result  is at  the  sole  evaluatory discretion  of  the instructor  (for

          @@ -395,11 +397,11 @@ sanctioned for the course).

           With that said, some additional aspects to keep in mind:

          -* e-mails were designed to be plain text;  don't make them into web pages

          -* e-mails should always have an informative subject line

          -* if you've got non-text files to include in an e-mail,  just attach them

          -* you've got many attachments?  archive/compress them, attach the archive

          -* plain ASCII text (UTF-8) is preferable over any enriched text format

          +  * e-mails were designed to be plain text;  don't make them into web pages

          +  * e-mails should always have an informative subject line

          +  * if you've got non-text files to include in an e-mail,  just attach them

          +  * you've got many attachments?  archive/compress them, attach the archive

          +  * plain ASCII text (UTF-8) is preferable over any enriched text format

           If  appropriate, I  also will  accept submissions  via singing  telegram,

           airplane banner, crop circles, creative dance, three part rock aria, etc.

          @@ -413,11 +415,11 @@ considerations.

           Where applicable,  be sure  to include the  following information  on any

           submission:

          -* Name,

          -* Course and Section,

          -* Due Date,

          -* Assignment # and description,

          -* Short abstract describing the purpose of your program / assignment.

          +  * Name,

          +  * Course and Section,

          +  * Due Date,

          +  * Assignment # and description,

          +  * Short abstract describing the purpose of your program / assignment.

           Presentation of  this information in  a clear and organized  fashion will

           make your assignment  all the easier to  read. You may come  up with your

          @@ -674,10 +676,10 @@ abilities.

           For maximum success in the class, please adhere to the following rules:

          -* start on activities early

          -* observe/study, read/intuit, and comprehend the subject matter

          -* play/tinker/experiment with the subject matter (external to projects)

          -* ask well-informed and copious questions

          +  * start on activities early

          +  * observe/study, read/intuit, and comprehend the subject matter

          +  * play/tinker/experiment with the subject matter (external to projects)

          +  * ask well-informed and copious questions

           Struggle and  problems in  the course almost  immediately arise  when one

           fails to follow one or more of these guidelines.

          @@ -688,77 +690,77 @@ The following criteria  should be kept in mind  when contributing content

           to  collaborative  documentation, the  course  notes,  and any  pertinent

           class-related communications:

          -* Never use a form of a word in its own definition

          -* Use external hyperlinks only as citations

          -* Content first, then formatting

          -* There is only one empire- ours

          -* Contribute only original content

          -* Paraphrase and cite existing information

          -* Do NOT blatantly copy existing information

          -* A healthy resource is an active resource

          -* Do not focus on just your contributions

          -* Mistakes are opportunities for future contributions

          +  * Never use a form of a word in its own definition

          +  * Use external hyperlinks only as citations

          +  * Content first, then formatting

          +  * There is only one empire- ours

          +  * Contribute only original content

          +  * Paraphrase and cite existing information

          +  * Do NOT blatantly copy existing information

          +  * A healthy resource is an active resource

          +  * Do not focus on just your contributions

          +  * Mistakes are opportunities for future contributions

           ## Topics

           The following is a list of the major topics being covered in this course:

          -* UNIX Systems Programming

          -* User space

          -* Kernel, Kernel space

          -* Users, Files, and the Manual

          -* File Access (open, read, write, lseek, close)

          -* File descriptors

          -* Buffering

          -* System Calls

          -* Directories and File Properties

          -* File Types and File Properties

          -* Bit Sets and Bit Masks

          -* User IDs, Group IDs

          -* Focus on File Systems

          -* Filesystem Structure; inodes and data blocks

          -* Directories

          -* Links

          -* Connection Control

          -* Device files

          -* Race conditions

          -* Atomic Operations

          -* Streams

          -* Terminal Control and Signals

          -* Blocking vs. Non-Blocking

          -* Signals

          -* Event-Driven Programming

          -* Alarms, Interval Timers

          -* Reentrant code, critical sections

          -* Asynchronous input

          -* Processes and Programs

          -* UNIX process model, processes

          -* Parent/Child processes

          -* Shell Variables and the Environment

          -* I/O Redirection and Pipes

          -* I/O Redirection

          -* Pipes

          -* Servers and Sockets

          -* Client/Server model

          -* Coroutines

          -* Connections and Protocols

          -* Server sockets

          -* Client sockets

          -* Zombies

          -* Programming with Datagrams

          -* TCP vs. UDP

          -* Distributed Systems

          -* UNIX domain sockets

          -* Threads

          -* Multithreading

          -* Creating/destroying threads

          -* Sharing data between threads

          -* Synchronizing data

          -* Inter Process Communication

          -* Named pipes

          -* Shared memory

          -* File locks

          -* Semaphores

          +  * UNIX Systems Programming

          +  * User space

          +  * Kernel, Kernel space

          +  * Users, Files, and the Manual

          +  * File Access (open, read, write, lseek, close)

          +  * File descriptors

          +  * Buffering

          +  * System Calls

          +  * Directories and File Properties

          +  * File Types and File Properties

          +  * Bit Sets and Bit Masks

          +  * User IDs, Group IDs

          +  * Focus on File Systems

          +  * Filesystem Structure; inodes and data blocks

          +  * Directories

          +  * Links

          +  * Connection Control

          +  * Device files

          +  * Race conditions

          +  * Atomic Operations

          +  * Streams

          +  * Terminal Control and Signals

          +  * Blocking vs. Non-Blocking

          +  * Signals

          +  * Event-Driven Programming

          +  * Alarms, Interval Timers

          +  * Reentrant code, critical sections

          +  * Asynchronous input

          +  * Processes and Programs

          +  * UNIX process model, processes

          +  * Parent/Child processes

          +  * Shell Variables and the Environment

          +  * I/O Redirection and Pipes

          +  * I/O Redirection

          +  * Pipes

          +  * Servers and Sockets

          +  * Client/Server model

          +  * Coroutines

          +  * Connections and Protocols

          +  * Server sockets

          +  * Client sockets

          +  * Zombies

          +  * Programming with Datagrams

          +  * TCP vs. UDP

          +  * Distributed Systems

          +  * UNIX domain sockets

          +  * Threads

          +  * Multithreading

          +  * Creating/destroying threads

          +  * Sharing data between threads

          +  * Synchronizing data

          +  * Inter Process Communication

          +  * Named pipes

          +  * Shared memory

          +  * File locks

          +  * Semaphores

           ## Student Understanding and Agreement of Syllabus Terms

          @@ -766,18 +768,18 @@ By  reading  through this  document,  participating  in the  class  chat,

           utilizing class  resources, and  performing the various  class activities

           and projects, you understand and consent:

          -* to the rules, policies governing your status as a student at SUNY CCC.

          -* to the structure, policies, and nature of the course as laid out here.

          -* to having an adequate understanding of course prerequisite knowledge.

          -* to maintain a respectful, inquisitive, well-behaved, and learning-oriented focus as you participate and go through the course.

          -* to practice (and further cultivate, as needed) the fundamental aspects of a student taking this course, which includes being able and willing:

          -* to read, comprehend and work with the material and information inherent to the course.

          -* to write and express your thoughts in coherent, descriptive sentences.

          -* willing to analyze, problem solve, debug, troubleshoot, ideate, creatively, and logically/rationally think.

          -* willing to compute and transact in number concepts (literal, symbolic or abstract) and any related units in their various processes.

          -* to, upon facing uncertainty, confusion, or lack of understanding, will ask copious, well-informed, and well-intending questions to clarify your state of understanding.

          -* if cause for issue rises, you will bring it to my attention so that it may be best addressed as locally and pertinently as possible to the course and its educational environment.

          -* participate in the course with a focus on curiosity, discovering, exploring, learning, and understanding.

          -* starting early on deliverables so that ample time is available for discovering, exploring, learning, and asking any questions as needed.

          -* that, as a student, a genuine learning experience necessarily involves some level of unfamiliarity, which may invoke discomfort.

          -* that your learning and the nature of the course is an inherently asynchronous thing. It is your responsibility to manage your time, so that you can have adequate time to ask questions and accomplish your own tasks.

          +  * to the rules, policies governing your status as a student at SUNY CCC.

          +  * to the structure, policies, and nature of the course as laid out here.

          +  * to having an adequate understanding of course prerequisite knowledge.

          +  * to maintain a respectful, inquisitive, well-behaved, and learning-oriented focus as you participate and go through the course.

          +  * to practice (and further cultivate, as needed) the fundamental aspects of a student taking this course, which includes being able and willing:

          +  * to read, comprehend and work with the material and information inherent to the course.

          +  * to write and express your thoughts in coherent, descriptive sentences.

          +  * willing to analyze, problem solve, debug, troubleshoot, ideate, creatively, and logically/rationally think.

          +  * willing to compute and transact in number concepts (literal, symbolic or abstract) and any related units in their various processes.

          +  * to, upon facing uncertainty, confusion, or lack of understanding, will ask copious, well-informed, and well-intending questions to clarify your state of understanding.

          +  * if cause for issue rises, you will bring it to my attention so that it may be best addressed as locally and pertinently as possible to the course and its educational environment.

          +  * participate in the course with a focus on curiosity, discovering, exploring, learning, and understanding.

          +  * starting early on deliverables so that ample time is available for discovering, exploring, learning, and asking any questions as needed.

          +  * that, as a student, a genuine learning experience necessarily involves some level of unfamiliarity, which may invoke discomfort.

          +  * that your learning and the nature of the course is an inherently asynchronous thing. It is your responsibility to manage your time, so that you can have adequate time to ask questions and accomplish your own tasks.

...	...	@@ -1,20 +1,22 @@
1	1	# spring2026/sysprog
	2	+
2	3	# CSCS2730 Systems Programming
3		-## Syllabus / Course Homepage
4	4
5		-* Instructor: Matthew Haas (haas@corning-cc.edu)
6		-* Office: CHM123
7		-* Office Hours: T 10:00a-10:50a, W 1:30p-2:20p, R 10:00a-12:50p
8		-* In-person meeting details: CHM123 W 2:30p-3:20p
9		-* Class DESIG: sysprog
10		-* Class Chat: #sysprog on discord
11		-* Public Directory: /var/public/fall2025/SYSPROG
12		-* CRN: 30189
13		-* 'W' Drop Date: April 6, 2026
	5	+## Syllabus / Course Homepage
14	6
15		-=> https://discord.gg/8eu3nKjUXX Discord invite
16		-=> projects.gmi sysprog projects page
17		-=> https://docs.google.com/document/d/1JsIuYeV5c72l5qaQEFOoNhJDYeaCv60U-kCKMaKzhv4/ SUNY CCC Syllabus Statements
	7	+\| Instructor: \| Matthew Haas (haas@corning-cc.edu) \|
	8	+\| Office: \| CHM123 \|
	9	+\| Office Hours: \| T 10:00a-10:50a, W 1:30p-2:20p, R 10:00a-12:50p \|
	10	+\| Class Meeting: \| Online/Async, CHM123 W 2:30p-3:20p \|
	11	+\| Class DESIG: \| `sysprog` \|
	12	+\| Class Chat: \| `#sysprog` on discord \|
	13	+\| Public Directory: \| `/var/public/fall2025/SYSPROG` \|
	14	+\| CRN: \| `30189` \|
	15	+\| 'W' Drop Date: \| April 6, 2026 \|
	16	+\| ----------------- \| -------------------------------------------------------------- \|
	17	+\| DISCORD invite: \| [https://discord.gg/8eu3nKjUXX](https://discord.gg/8eu3nKjUXX) \|
	18	+\| Projects page: \| [https://lab46.g7n.org/haas/spring2026/sysprog/projects.md](https://lab46.g7n.org/haas/spring2026/sysprog/projects.md) \|
	19	+\| CCC Syllabus Statements: \| [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1JsIuYeV5c72l5qaQEFOoNhJDYeaCv60U-kCKMaKzhv4/](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1JsIuYeV5c72l5qaQEFOoNhJDYeaCv60U-kCKMaKzhv4/) \|
18	20
19	21	## Course Description
20	22
...	...	@@ -30,14 +32,14 @@ consent.
30	32
31	33	Upon completion of this course, students will be able to:
32	34
33		-* better understand file I/O for efficient data processing
34		-* utilize capabilities built into the operating system
35		-* write programs that interact with and spawn processes
36		-* use pipes and sockets to communicate and share data
37		-* demonstrate knowledge of concurrency
38		-* design programs that handle signals
39		-* explore efficient solutions to data- and processing- intensive problems
40		-* utilize collaboration of resources to solve problems
	35	+ * better understand file I/O for efficient data processing
	36	+ * utilize capabilities built into the operating system
	37	+ * write programs that interact with and spawn processes
	38	+ * use pipes and sockets to communicate and share data
	39	+ * demonstrate knowledge of concurrency
	40	+ * design programs that handle signals
	41	+ * explore efficient solutions to data- and processing- intensive problems
	42	+ * utilize collaboration of resources to solve problems
41	43
42	44	## Assumptions
43	45
...	...	@@ -90,12 +92,12 @@ and knowledge, some derivation of society's and civilization's collective
90	92	body of experience and knowledge), and to be eligible to take a college
91	93	class, yes, SOME prerequisite knowledge is assumed, namely:
92	94
93		-* you are functionally literate in English
94		-* you know how to and can/will read (input/consume)
95		-* you know how to and can/will write (output/create/produce)
96		-* you know how to and can/will do math/computations
97		-* you know how to and can/will think
98		-* you know how to and can/will ask questions
	95	+ * you are functionally literate in English
	96	+ * you know how to and can/will read (input/consume)
	97	+ * you know how to and can/will write (output/create/produce)
	98	+ * you know how to and can/will do math/computations
	99	+ * you know how to and can/will think
	100	+ * you know how to and can/will ask questions
99	101
100	102	A student's (or learner's) absolute BEST tool is the question,
101	103	specifically the regular asking of them. You NEED to be regularly
...	...	@@ -144,31 +146,31 @@ Understanding Unix/Linux Programming: A Guide to Theory and Practice
144	146	by Bruce Molay
145	147	Publisher: Prentice Hall
146	148	ISBN: 0-13-008396-8
147		-=> http://www.pearsonhighered.com/academic/product/0,3110,0130083968,00.html URL to publisher page of book
148		-=> https://www.pearson.com/us/higher-education/program/Molay-Understanding-UNIX-LINUX-Programming-A-Guide-to-Theory-and-Practice/PGM190781.html Book URL
	149	+[Public Book Page](http://www.pearsonhighered.com/academic/product/0,3110,0130083968,00.html)
	150	+[Book URL](https://www.pearson.com/us/higher-education/program/Molay-Understanding-UNIX-LINUX-Programming-A-Guide-to-Theory-and-Practice/PGM190781.html)
149	151
150	152	## Technology Policy
151	153
152	154	The baseline qualifications for taking this course include you having a proficiency:
153	155
154		-* to type on a full-size computer keyboard (104-key or equivalent)
155		-* with basic computing concepts (files, storage, units of information)
156		-* to read instructions and available technical data in relevant theatres and domains
	156	+ * to type on a full-size computer keyboard (104-key or equivalent)
	157	+ * with basic computing concepts (files, storage, units of information)
	158	+ * to read instructions and available technical data in relevant theatres and domains
157	159
158	160	... and an ability:
159	161
160		-* to readily ask questions
161		-* to take notes and later retrieve useful information from them
162		-* to recall important concepts and experiences
163		-* to work on class-related content outside of class
	162	+ * to readily ask questions
	163	+ * to take notes and later retrieve useful information from them
	164	+ * to recall important concepts and experiences
	165	+ * to work on class-related content outside of class
164	166
165	167	... and a willingness:
166	168
167		-* to attempt solving new and unfamiliar problems
168		-* to encounter new and unfamiliar concepts
169		-* to indulge in new and unfamiliar activities
170		-* to learn in new and unfamiliar ways
171		-* to work on class-related content outside of class
	169	+ * to attempt solving new and unfamiliar problems
	170	+ * to encounter new and unfamiliar concepts
	171	+ * to indulge in new and unfamiliar activities
	172	+ * to learn in new and unfamiliar ways
	173	+ * to work on class-related content outside of class
172	174
173	175	## AI use policy
174	176
...	...	@@ -196,13 +198,13 @@ If you insist on using AI, you hereby acknowledge you assume
196	198	responsibility for its inherent perils and hazards it can cause you and
197	199	your progress/success in this class:
198	200
199		-* accept that you are putting yourself at risk of deeply sabotaging your learning journey, subjecting yourself to stagnant thought and limited perspectives, as you insulate yourself from the rigors of doing the actual work
	201	+ * accept that you are putting yourself at risk of deeply sabotaging your learning journey, subjecting yourself to stagnant thought and limited perspectives, as you insulate yourself from the rigors of doing the actual work
200	202
201		-* accept that you will have to live with the awareness that the instructor and other suitably aware individuals in the course may lose some faith in your humanity
	203	+ * accept that you will have to live with the awareness that the instructor and other suitably aware individuals in the course may lose some faith in your humanity
202	204
203		-* accept that, if you pass off AI-generated work as your own, and your work is questioned, if you are unable to competently demonstrate your understanding, you risk losing any and all credit for that deliverable
	205	+* accept that, if you pass off AI-generated work as your own, and your work is questioned, if you are unable to competently demonstrate your understanding, you risk losing any and all credit for that deliverable
204	206
205		-* YOU are the student, YOU are the one here to do the work and learn.
	207	+ * YOU are the student, YOU are the one here to do the work and learn.
206	208
207	209	AI prose is increasingly sophisticated and convincing. Yet there is a
208	210	difference between verbosity and competence. Learning to differentiate
...	...	@@ -214,10 +216,10 @@ when dealing with AI output.
214	216	The grading policy is broken down into 4 areas, totalling 104 points
215	217	(which will account for 100% of the grade):
216	218
217		-* Notes/Journal/Writing (13pts)
218		-* Projects (52pts)
219		-* Participation (13pts)
220		-* EoCE (26pts).
	219	+ * Notes/Journal/Writing (13pts)
	220	+ * Projects (52pts)
	221	+ * Participation (13pts)
	222	+ * EoCE (26pts).
221	223
222	224	Each area, as well as the overall grade, will be evaluated based on a sum
223	225	of accumulated points on each projects out of a sum of total points on
...	...	@@ -245,15 +247,15 @@ grading unit.
245	247
246	248	Letter grades are pegged to the following numeric values:
247	249
248		-* A (99.00+)
249		-* A- (93.00-98.99)
250		-* B+ (87.00-92.99)
251		-* B (81.00-86.99)
252		-* B- (75.00-80.99)
253		-* C+ (69.00-74.99)
254		-* C (63.00-68.99)
255		-* D (57.00-62.99)
256		-* F ( 0.00-56.99)
	250	+ * A (98.00+)
	251	+ * A- (92.00-97.99)
	252	+ * B+ (86.00-91.99)
	253	+ * B (80.00-85.99)
	254	+ * B- (74.00-79.99)
	255	+ * C+ (68.00-73.99)
	256	+ * C (62.00-67.99)
	257	+ * D (56.00-61.99)
	258	+ * F ( 0.00-55.99)
257	259
258	260	Any calculated values in excess of two decimal places that may impact the
259	261	result is at the sole evaluatory discretion of the instructor (for
...	...	@@ -395,11 +397,11 @@ sanctioned for the course).
395	397
396	398	With that said, some additional aspects to keep in mind:
397	399
398		-* e-mails were designed to be plain text; don't make them into web pages
399		-* e-mails should always have an informative subject line
400		-* if you've got non-text files to include in an e-mail, just attach them
401		-* you've got many attachments? archive/compress them, attach the archive
402		-* plain ASCII text (UTF-8) is preferable over any enriched text format
	400	+ * e-mails were designed to be plain text; don't make them into web pages
	401	+ * e-mails should always have an informative subject line
	402	+ * if you've got non-text files to include in an e-mail, just attach them
	403	+ * you've got many attachments? archive/compress them, attach the archive
	404	+ * plain ASCII text (UTF-8) is preferable over any enriched text format
403	405
404	406	If appropriate, I also will accept submissions via singing telegram,
405	407	airplane banner, crop circles, creative dance, three part rock aria, etc.
...	...	@@ -413,11 +415,11 @@ considerations.
413	415	Where applicable, be sure to include the following information on any
414	416	submission:
415	417
416		-* Name,
417		-* Course and Section,
418		-* Due Date,
419		-* Assignment # and description,
420		-* Short abstract describing the purpose of your program / assignment.
	418	+ * Name,
	419	+ * Course and Section,
	420	+ * Due Date,
	421	+ * Assignment # and description,
	422	+ * Short abstract describing the purpose of your program / assignment.
421	423
422	424	Presentation of this information in a clear and organized fashion will
423	425	make your assignment all the easier to read. You may come up with your
...	...	@@ -674,10 +676,10 @@ abilities.
674	676
675	677	For maximum success in the class, please adhere to the following rules:
676	678
677		-* start on activities early
678		-* observe/study, read/intuit, and comprehend the subject matter
679		-* play/tinker/experiment with the subject matter (external to projects)
680		-* ask well-informed and copious questions
	679	+ * start on activities early
	680	+ * observe/study, read/intuit, and comprehend the subject matter
	681	+ * play/tinker/experiment with the subject matter (external to projects)
	682	+ * ask well-informed and copious questions
681	683
682	684	Struggle and problems in the course almost immediately arise when one
683	685	fails to follow one or more of these guidelines.
...	...	@@ -688,77 +690,77 @@ The following criteria should be kept in mind when contributing content
688	690	to collaborative documentation, the course notes, and any pertinent
689	691	class-related communications:
690	692
691		-* Never use a form of a word in its own definition
692		-* Use external hyperlinks only as citations
693		-* Content first, then formatting
694		-* There is only one empire- ours
695		-* Contribute only original content
696		-* Paraphrase and cite existing information
697		-* Do NOT blatantly copy existing information
698		-* A healthy resource is an active resource
699		-* Do not focus on just your contributions
700		-* Mistakes are opportunities for future contributions
	693	+ * Never use a form of a word in its own definition
	694	+ * Use external hyperlinks only as citations
	695	+ * Content first, then formatting
	696	+ * There is only one empire- ours
	697	+ * Contribute only original content
	698	+ * Paraphrase and cite existing information
	699	+ * Do NOT blatantly copy existing information
	700	+ * A healthy resource is an active resource
	701	+ * Do not focus on just your contributions
	702	+ * Mistakes are opportunities for future contributions
701	703
702	704	## Topics
703	705
704	706	The following is a list of the major topics being covered in this course:
705	707
706		-* UNIX Systems Programming
707		-* User space
708		-* Kernel, Kernel space
709		-* Users, Files, and the Manual
710		-* File Access (open, read, write, lseek, close)
711		-* File descriptors
712		-* Buffering
713		-* System Calls
714		-* Directories and File Properties
715		-* File Types and File Properties
716		-* Bit Sets and Bit Masks
717		-* User IDs, Group IDs
718		-* Focus on File Systems
719		-* Filesystem Structure; inodes and data blocks
720		-* Directories
721		-* Links
722		-* Connection Control
723		-* Device files
724		-* Race conditions
725		-* Atomic Operations
726		-* Streams
727		-* Terminal Control and Signals
728		-* Blocking vs. Non-Blocking
729		-* Signals
730		-* Event-Driven Programming
731		-* Alarms, Interval Timers
732		-* Reentrant code, critical sections
733		-* Asynchronous input
734		-* Processes and Programs
735		-* UNIX process model, processes
736		-* Parent/Child processes
737		-* Shell Variables and the Environment
738		-* I/O Redirection and Pipes
739		-* I/O Redirection
740		-* Pipes
741		-* Servers and Sockets
742		-* Client/Server model
743		-* Coroutines
744		-* Connections and Protocols
745		-* Server sockets
746		-* Client sockets
747		-* Zombies
748		-* Programming with Datagrams
749		-* TCP vs. UDP
750		-* Distributed Systems
751		-* UNIX domain sockets
752		-* Threads
753		-* Multithreading
754		-* Creating/destroying threads
755		-* Sharing data between threads
756		-* Synchronizing data
757		-* Inter Process Communication
758		-* Named pipes
759		-* Shared memory
760		-* File locks
761		-* Semaphores
	708	+ * UNIX Systems Programming
	709	+ * User space
	710	+ * Kernel, Kernel space
	711	+ * Users, Files, and the Manual
	712	+ * File Access (open, read, write, lseek, close)
	713	+ * File descriptors
	714	+ * Buffering
	715	+ * System Calls
	716	+ * Directories and File Properties
	717	+ * File Types and File Properties
	718	+ * Bit Sets and Bit Masks
	719	+ * User IDs, Group IDs
	720	+ * Focus on File Systems
	721	+ * Filesystem Structure; inodes and data blocks
	722	+ * Directories
	723	+ * Links
	724	+ * Connection Control
	725	+ * Device files
	726	+ * Race conditions
	727	+ * Atomic Operations
	728	+ * Streams
	729	+ * Terminal Control and Signals
	730	+ * Blocking vs. Non-Blocking
	731	+ * Signals
	732	+ * Event-Driven Programming
	733	+ * Alarms, Interval Timers
	734	+ * Reentrant code, critical sections
	735	+ * Asynchronous input
	736	+ * Processes and Programs
	737	+ * UNIX process model, processes
	738	+ * Parent/Child processes
	739	+ * Shell Variables and the Environment
	740	+ * I/O Redirection and Pipes
	741	+ * I/O Redirection
	742	+ * Pipes
	743	+ * Servers and Sockets
	744	+ * Client/Server model
	745	+ * Coroutines
	746	+ * Connections and Protocols
	747	+ * Server sockets
	748	+ * Client sockets
	749	+ * Zombies
	750	+ * Programming with Datagrams
	751	+ * TCP vs. UDP
	752	+ * Distributed Systems
	753	+ * UNIX domain sockets
	754	+ * Threads
	755	+ * Multithreading
	756	+ * Creating/destroying threads
	757	+ * Sharing data between threads
	758	+ * Synchronizing data
	759	+ * Inter Process Communication
	760	+ * Named pipes
	761	+ * Shared memory
	762	+ * File locks
	763	+ * Semaphores
762	764
763	765	## Student Understanding and Agreement of Syllabus Terms
764	766
...	...	@@ -766,18 +768,18 @@ By reading through this document, participating in the class chat,
766	768	utilizing class resources, and performing the various class activities
767	769	and projects, you understand and consent:
768	770
769		-* to the rules, policies governing your status as a student at SUNY CCC.
770		-* to the structure, policies, and nature of the course as laid out here.
771		-* to having an adequate understanding of course prerequisite knowledge.
772		-* to maintain a respectful, inquisitive, well-behaved, and learning-oriented focus as you participate and go through the course.
773		-* to practice (and further cultivate, as needed) the fundamental aspects of a student taking this course, which includes being able and willing:
774		-* to read, comprehend and work with the material and information inherent to the course.
775		-* to write and express your thoughts in coherent, descriptive sentences.
776		-* willing to analyze, problem solve, debug, troubleshoot, ideate, creatively, and logically/rationally think.
777		-* willing to compute and transact in number concepts (literal, symbolic or abstract) and any related units in their various processes.
778		-* to, upon facing uncertainty, confusion, or lack of understanding, will ask copious, well-informed, and well-intending questions to clarify your state of understanding.
779		-* if cause for issue rises, you will bring it to my attention so that it may be best addressed as locally and pertinently as possible to the course and its educational environment.
780		-* participate in the course with a focus on curiosity, discovering, exploring, learning, and understanding.
781		-* starting early on deliverables so that ample time is available for discovering, exploring, learning, and asking any questions as needed.
782		-* that, as a student, a genuine learning experience necessarily involves some level of unfamiliarity, which may invoke discomfort.
783		-* that your learning and the nature of the course is an inherently asynchronous thing. It is your responsibility to manage your time, so that you can have adequate time to ask questions and accomplish your own tasks.
	771	+ * to the rules, policies governing your status as a student at SUNY CCC.
	772	+ * to the structure, policies, and nature of the course as laid out here.
	773	+ * to having an adequate understanding of course prerequisite knowledge.
	774	+ * to maintain a respectful, inquisitive, well-behaved, and learning-oriented focus as you participate and go through the course.
	775	+ * to practice (and further cultivate, as needed) the fundamental aspects of a student taking this course, which includes being able and willing:
	776	+ * to read, comprehend and work with the material and information inherent to the course.
	777	+ * to write and express your thoughts in coherent, descriptive sentences.
	778	+ * willing to analyze, problem solve, debug, troubleshoot, ideate, creatively, and logically/rationally think.
	779	+ * willing to compute and transact in number concepts (literal, symbolic or abstract) and any related units in their various processes.
	780	+ * to, upon facing uncertainty, confusion, or lack of understanding, will ask copious, well-informed, and well-intending questions to clarify your state of understanding.
	781	+ * if cause for issue rises, you will bring it to my attention so that it may be best addressed as locally and pertinently as possible to the course and its educational environment.
	782	+ * participate in the course with a focus on curiosity, discovering, exploring, learning, and understanding.
	783	+ * starting early on deliverables so that ample time is available for discovering, exploring, learning, and asking any questions as needed.
	784	+ * that, as a student, a genuine learning experience necessarily involves some level of unfamiliarity, which may invoke discomfort.
	785	+ * that your learning and the nature of the course is an inherently asynchronous thing. It is your responsibility to manage your time, so that you can have adequate time to ask questions and accomplish your own tasks.