• A IP Address a number assigned to a network equiped piece of hardware by which other device identify it. IPv4 is the current standard in IP addressing. It uses 4 octets or 32 bits for an IP address. Each octet ranges from 0 to 255 in decimal ex: 192.168.1.1
• With only 32 bits for addressing there has been a concern of running out of addresses so IPv6 has been implemented which has 128 bits, it will more than like become the standard in the future.

• A Domain Name is name given to a device that is on a network. It is usually easy to remember and spell. This keeps users from having to remember IP addresses. So I can type www.hotmail.com instead of a 4 octet IP address.

• A DNS is a system used to associate the Domain Name with an IP Address. It is basically a phone book for a network, it is what allows a user to type a Domain name in and connect to the device with the IP address that domain name is associated with. When you open up a web browser and type in a URL the DNS is what allows you to connect to the correct web page because it resolves the host name to an IP address.

• BIND Is the most commonly used DNS software and is basically the standard unix based operating systems. This is typically what one would use for their DNS to resolve host names to IP addresses on a network.

Resource

• A Datagram is an independent, self-contained message sent over the network whose arrival, arrival time, and content are not guaranteed. Each datagram has a header and a payload.

• A Header is data placed at the beginning of a block of data that has all the information necessary to get the block of data from the source to its destination.

• The Payload Is the actual data that follows the header. Without a header the payload would not know where to go, and without the payload there would be no need for a header. The nesting of the header and payload is done by encapsulation

• Encapsulation is a characteristic feature of most networking models. And is what allows things like headers and trailers to be added to the data, this allows for the data to know where to go and in some cases error checking.

• I feel like the keywords I did for part 2 and the fact I have an A average in networking fundamentals shows that I have a solid awareness of networking concepts. I have an understanding of how the osi and tcp/ip models work. I understand how to create multiple networks and connect them, I have even done this in lab.