finite state machine.

  It is conceived as an abstract machine that can be in one of a finite number of states. 
  The machine is in only one state at a time; the state it is in at any given time is called the current state.
  It can change from one state to another when initiated by a triggering event or condition, this is called a transition. 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite-state_machine

Matrix Multiplication

The multiplication of two or more matrices to produce a new matrix.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_multiplication#Powers_of_matrices

• Reference 1
• Reference 2
• Reference 3

Suppose MM1

using the inner product approach: InnerMM

while the outer product approach gives: OuterMM

Source Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_multiplication#Algorithms_for_efficient_matrix_multiplication