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? : compressed if statement o Getopt; cat; -n –number : line numbers -E –show-ends –help –version
who: checking records of login
how long?
utmp: login records short: short int posix(widely spread) getutent -access utmp file entries reads a line from the current file position in utmp file.
mytime → tm_mon : month mytime → tm_mday : day mytime → tm_hour : hour
*strcpy: in string.h library copy a string
stat - get file status mode_t st_mode; «protection
idle time: last time access the file
ls: opendir, closedir, readdir, scandir, …
implementing ls -l: file permission,,who owns it(usrid),,date,name stat struct st_nlink stating file name : looking for the directory
blocksize stat → st_size ls → mtime: modify time mytime → tm_mon; etc.
new projectv _primenumber algorithm
I finally submit chmode. It was surprising that the actual chmod part was just a line.
chmod( filename, permission );
man 2 fork : create a child process (doesn't inherits the timer from parents)
wait -wait for process to change state
getpid -get process id
pnc1: using fork and child process
threading → multi-threading
pthreads(7): parent's process id is different than child process id.
thread & child process: each child have thread
forking & threading : space & time
data hazard: synchronization
pthread_create - create a new thread
make file and load into array and print out the value
read from the file.
sorting
sockets
* protocol
* everyone have to speak same language
* using TCP
* write server first
port80 : https
bzero -write zero-valued bytes(calloc) tcp : instant client(telnet netcat)
Object Oriented Programming
PIE: Polymorphism, Inheritance, Encapsulation
Procedural, Functional, Logical
getifaddrs - get interface address (passes double pointer)
network communication
write system call
create socket and connect → connection
exec1 - executes a file ( system call )
stty: change and print terminal line settings
stty -echo
tty_ioctl: ioctls for terminals and serial lines
pipe, pipe2 : create pipe
created using mkfifo
signals!! signal(2) kill -l : list available signals signal 7
POSIX shared memory
shmat: system V shared memory operations
shm_open: open
ncurses -CRT screen handling and optimization initscr - initialize screen
newwin: creates a pointer to a windowwith given number of lines and columns.
subwin: shares memory with original window
mvprintw: display at specific position